A Sociedade Rural Brasileira (SRB) ingressou com uma Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade (Adin) no Superior Tribunal Federal (STF) nesta segunda-feira, 10 de fevereiro, contestando a constitucionalidade do Fundo Estadual de Transporte e Habitação, o Fethab. No ano passado, o Fundo arrecadou cerca de R$ 1,5 bilhão ao Estado, valores que foram importantes para a recuperação fiscal e ainda realização de alguns investimentos em infraestrutura.

Segundo a entidade, a equipe de advogados que formulou a peça apontou claros indícios de inconstitucionalidade não apenas sob a da perspectiva tributária, mas também uma série de violações econômicas e orçamentárias, tanto formais como materiais. A Adin 6314 conta com um detalhado parecer do professor e advogado Heleno Taveira Torres, um dos mais reconhecidos especialistas em Direito Financeiro e Tributário no Brasil.

Segundo a SRB, o Fethab vem causando um permanente aumento de custos para agricultores do estado do Mato Grosso que comercializam a produção para outros estados e para o exterior. De acordo com a entidade, produtores mato-grossenses vinham tolerando a instituição desses fundos por duas razões: confiavam no compromisso dos governos de usar os recursos arrecadados para obras e serviços de infraestrutura e acreditavam que a carga tributária seria suportável pelo setor.

O Fethab foi criado pelo governo do estado do Mato Grosso, em 2000, com o objetivo de arrecadar fundos para a construção e manutenção da infraestrutura rodoviária e habitação. Entretanto, segundo a SRB, apenas 30% (trinta por cento) destes recursos têm sido aplicados nas atividades geridas pela Secretaria de Estado de Infraestrutura e Logística – a grande maioria é utilizada pelo Tesouro do Estado indiscriminadamente. “Ao longo do tempo os governos continuaram a aumentar seus gastos correntes e passaram a usar esses recursos para custear a máquina pública”, diz o presidente da SRB, Marcelo Vieira. “Quando os recursos assim desviados de sua finalidade proposta se tornaram insuficientes, aumentaram a carga tributária sobre o setor”, completa o presidente.

Os agricultores, parte mais atingida do setor produtivo, apelaram para a SRB. A entidade, por sua vez, consultou o ilustre tributarista Heleno Torres e cumpriu seu dever de apoiar a agropecuária de maneira a preservar sua higidez e sobrevivência econômica. “Se os Estados não cumprem nem seus deveres de manter equilíbrio fiscal, nem os compromissos políticos de empregar os recursos arrecadados com esses fundos inconstitucionais na finalidade alegada, a SRB não pode ter outra atitude que não seja ficar com a agropecuária, a Constituição e seus princípios já seculares”, enfatiza Marcelo Vieira.

A SRB entende que o impacto para aqueles que se beneficiam às custas do produtor pode ser significativo, mas rejeita que o ônus dos prejuízos financeiros seja transferido exclusivamente ao setor agropecuário. “Os estados precisam criar condições de reduzir desperdícios, eliminar mordomias e conter privilégios internos do setor público sem cobrar essa conta do setor produtivo”, diz Vieira.

Ainda segundo o presidente da SRB, a entidade teme que a medida se estenda para outros estados, como a recente majoração do FUNDERSUL, no Mato Grosso do Sul. O Fethab já foi majorado e teve sua destinação alterada diversas vezes. “Até que ocorra um freio pelo Poder Judiciário, fundos como o Fethab tendem a ser a nova forma de imposição de custos aos contribuintes pelos Estados”, diz o dirigente

Sobre a SRB

Fundada em 1919, a Sociedade Rural Brasileira trabalha há quase um século com políticas públicas e iniciativas voltadas para o desenvolvimento da cadeia produtiva do agronegócio brasileiro. Formada em sua origem por produtores rurais dotados da convicção de modernizar constantemente o setor, seja pelo melhoramento tecnológico, pelo ambiente regulatório e pelo aumento da produtividade, a SRB insere-se em pleno século XXI como uma plataforma de intermediação entre os diversos elos dessa cadeia produtiva. Solucionar conflitos, gerar consensos e encontrar soluções são os conceitos-chaves para que o agro brasileiro continue sendo cada vez mais eficiente, competitivo e sustentável.

Fonte: Folha Max

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